To address kyphotic posture in Parkinson's disease, intervention should include back extensor strengthening, balance exercise, and reciprocal movement.

To address kyphotic posture in Parkinson's disease, intervention should include back extensor strengthening, balance exercise, and reciprocal movement.

• A. upper-extremity flexibility only
• B. back extensor strengthening, balance exercise, reciprocal movement
• C. only aerobic conditioning
• D. only stretching

Answer: (B)

In Parkinson’s disease, kyphotic posture often stems from weakness of the back extensor muscles, impaired postural control, and limited trunk mobility. A program that combines back extensor strengthening, balance training, and reciprocal movement directly targets these issues. Strengthening the back extensors helps the spine stay more upright and reduces forward rounding. Balance exercises improve the body’s ability to maintain an upright position during standing and gait, lowering fall risk and promoting better posture in daily activities. Reciprocal movements teach coordinated, alternating actions of the trunk and promote mobility and control through flexion, extension, and rotation, which counter stiffness and abnormal postural patterns. Relying on upper-extremity flexibility alone misses the core issue of trunk control; aerobic conditioning improves cardiovascular fitness rather than postural alignment; and stretching alone enhances length without restoring strength or neuromuscular coordination of the spine. So, the combined approach best addresses the factors contributing to kyphosis in PD.

In Parkinson’s disease, kyphotic posture often stems from weakness of the back extensor muscles, impaired postural control, and limited trunk mobility. A program that combines back extensor strengthening, balance training, and reciprocal movement directly targets these issues. Strengthening the back extensors helps the spine stay more upright and reduces forward rounding. Balance exercises improve the body’s ability to maintain an upright position during standing and gait, lowering fall risk and promoting better posture in daily activities. Reciprocal movements teach coordinated, alternating actions of the trunk and promote mobility and control through flexion, extension, and rotation, which counter stiffness and abnormal postural patterns.

Relying on upper-extremity flexibility alone misses the core issue of trunk control; aerobic conditioning improves cardiovascular fitness rather than postural alignment; and stretching alone enhances length without restoring strength or neuromuscular coordination of the spine. So, the combined approach best addresses the factors contributing to kyphosis in PD.